Healthcare - Health Tips - Preventive Behaviors

by Marcie Birk, Research Health Educator, Directorate of Health Promotion and Wellness
U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine

During the winter and especially during the holidays, candle usage increases. According to the National Fire Protection Association, the month of December has twice as many home candle fires as an average month.

The National Fire Incident Reporting System reports that nearly 85 percent of candle fire incidents were started because of consumer misuse. NFIRS indicates that in four out of 10 fires, the candles were left unattended, abandoned or inadequately controlled. Combustible objects being left near candle flames caused nearly 25 percent of these candle fires. In December, holiday decorations are the most common item first ignited in candle fires.

To avoid candle fires, follow these three simple rules:

• Never leave a burning candle unattended.
• Never place a burning candle near (under, over, or next to) something that can catch fire.
• Keep burning candles out of reach of children and pets.

Always use a candleholder specifically designed for candle use that is heat resistant, sturdy and large enough to contain any drips or melted wax. Place the holder on a stable, heat-resistant surface.

Use a candle snuffer or spoon to put out a candle. Blowing the flame may send sparks and hot wax flying. Don't use water to put out a candle, because it can also cause hot wax to splatter and may cause glass containers to break.

Keep burning candles away from drafts, vents and fans. This will prevent rapid, uneven burning, smoking, and excessive dripping. Drafts can also blow lightweight curtains or papers into the flame where they can catch fire.

Put out a candle if the flame comes too close to the holder or container. Stop using a candle when two inches of wax remain (1/2 inch if in a container) to prevent heat damage to the surface and to prevent glass containers from breaking.

Never move a burning candle when the wax is liquid. Place candles at least three inches apart to prevent them from melting neighboring candles.

Put a candle out if it smokes, flickers repeatedly or the flame becomes too high. Let the candle cool, trim the wick to 1/4 inch, check for drafts, then re-light.

For more information on safe candle use and other holiday safety tips, visit National Fire Protection Association.

Health Tips from Army Medicine
November 2004